AN ANALYSIS OF THE HIERARCHY OF NEEDS IN ISLAMIC ECONOMICS: INTEGRATING NEEDS, WANTS, AND DESIRES BASED ON MAQASID AL-SHARIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54783/p0ye6461Keywords:
Islamic economics, hierarchy of needs, Maqasid al-Shariah, consumer behavior, needs and desires integration.Abstract
This study aims to analyze the hierarchy of needs within the framework of Islamic economics by integrating the concepts of needs, wants, and desires based on Maqasid al-Shariah. Unlike conventional economic perspectives that often prioritize unlimited wants and individual utility maximization, Islamic economics emphasizes a value-based approach grounded in ethical and spiritual considerations. This research adopts a qualitative method using a systematic literature review to synthesize relevant scholarly works from reputable academic sources. The data were collected from peer-reviewed journal articles, books, and authoritative publications related to Islamic economics and Maqasid al-Shariah. Through thematic and content analysis, this study identifies key conceptual distinctions and interrelationships among needs, wants, and desires in both conventional and Islamic paradigms. The findings reveal that Islamic economics categorizes human needs into essential (daruriyyat), complementary (hajiyyat), and embellishment (tahsiniyyat), which serve as a structured hierarchy aligned with the objectives of Shariah. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that wants and desires are not rejected but are regulated to ensure alignment with ethical principles and societal welfare. The integration of these elements within the Maqasid framework provides a more balanced and sustainable model of economic behavior. This study contributes to the enrichment of Islamic economic theory by offering a conceptual model that bridges classical and contemporary perspectives. Ultimately, the findings highlight the importance of embedding moral values and social justice in shaping economic decision-making processes.
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